STRUCTURAL AND DIELECTRIC STUDY OF LITHIUM TITANATE (LTO) AS AN ALTERNATE ANODE

Abstract

The lithium-ion battery represents one of the most significant technological advancements in energy storage, powering everything from portable electronics to electric vehicles. Among the various components of a Li-ion battery, the anode plays a crucial role in determining its overall capacity, efficiency, and cycle life. Since, the conventional graphitic anodes are widely used. The alternative materials such as silicon, metal oxides, and lithium titanate (Li₄Ti₅O₁₂, LTO) are being explored due to their superior electrochemical characteristics. Among these, LTO has gained attention due to its excellent safety, long cycle stability, and fast charging capability. In this research work, LTO has been synthesized by the conventional solid-state method. XRD confirmed the formation of a spinel structure with a space group Fd-3m. The Reitveld Refinement has been conducted on the observed XRD patterns of (Li₄Ti₅O₁₂, LTO) to extract critical structural parameters relevant to its application in energy storage. The impedance and permittivity analysis are conducted on the sample using Impedance spectroscopy, revealing that the relaxation process is predominantly controlled by grain boundaries, highlighting their impact on the material’s conductivity. Hence, the investigation provides deeper insights into the influence of grain boundaries and dielectric behavior on LTO's performance, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of its functional properties in lithium-ion battery applications.