NON-ENZYMATIC TI3C2TX-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR FENITROTHION DETECTION

Abstract

The growing global population and evolving food consumption patterns present significant challenges in meeting the rising demand for food while maintaining environmental safety and public health. Organophosphate pesticide, Fenitrothion (FNT) is commonly used in agriculture to protect crops and enhance yields. However, widespread use of FNT has raised concerns due to their persistence in the environment which creates toxicity, leading to bans in several countries. There is an immediate need for advanced observation methods that are both sensitive and selective for monitoring organophosphate residues in food products. In this investigation, an innovative and cost-effective CeO2 grafted Ti3C2Tx-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor has been designed and further utilized to detect FNT in real samples. The synergistic contribution of CeO2 and Ti3C2Tx improves the sensitivity and selectivity of ITO-based sensor. A simple electrophoretic deposition process was used to fabricate CeO2/Ti3C2Tx@ITO electrode. The electrical conductivity and stability of fabricated electrodes were discovered to be constant all through time. The electrochemical results confirm that the sensor has strong selectivity (Kselectivity < 1), high sensitivity (0.728μA pM-1 cm2), and low detection limit of 1pM. The suggested sensor’s accuracy and applicability were also tested using three real samples. All findings validate the manufactured electrode as a better alternative to other conventional methods.