GREEN SYNTHETIC APPROACHES TOWARDS QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES

Abstract

Quinoline derivatives are a well-established group of heterocyclic compounds that have gained considerable importance due to their wide-ranging biological properties and applications in medicinal, pharmaceutical, and materials science. Their synthesis has mostly depended on conventional methods over the years, which frequently use dangerous chemicals, produce toxic waste, and require a significant amount of energy. Such actions raise questions about long-term sustainability and economic viability in addition to posing significant risks to the environment and human health. The emphasis has steadily moved toward more sustainable and environmentally friendly methods of chemical synthesis in response to these difficulties. By using safer reagents, reusable catalysts, and energy-efficient techniques, green chemistry has created exciting opportunities for the environmentally friendly synthesis of quinoline-based compounds. These modern techniques include solvent-free conditions, biocatalysis, photocatalysis, nanocatalysis, ultrasound-assisted synthesis, microwave-assisted reactions, and even reactions that don't require a catalyst at all. These methods frequently produce higher yields, better selectivity, and quicker reaction times in addition to minimizing environmental harm. With a focus on advancements in energy-saving technologies, sustainable solvents, and catalytic systems, this thesis examines current trends in the environmentally friendly synthesis of quinoline derivatives. It also talks about how these developments lessen the environmental impact of the chemical industry without sacrificing scalability or efficiency, which helps to achieve larger sustainability goals. Even though great progress has already been made, issues like exorbitant prices, restricted scalability, and the requirement for standardized processes still exist. However, it is anticipated that continued study and development in this area will improve these techniques even more, opening the door to a more ethical and sustainable chemical manufacturing future.