ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION THROUGH A PLASMA SLAB: ANALYSIS OF REFLECTION, TRANSMISSION AND ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS FOR VARYING MEDIUMS

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical investigation of the reflection (R), transmission (T), and absorption (A) coefficients of electromagnetic waves interacting with a slab of plasma, complex dielectric and hydrogel. Starting with the calculation of the net phase acquired by the wave upon entering the slab, we derive the wave vector components and the dispersion relation governing the system. Using these, analytical expressions for R, T, and A are obtained by applying Maxwell’s boundary conditions at the interfaces. Numerical simulations are carried out for various materials, including hydrogels and conventional dielectric media, to study and compare their electromagnetic responses. The results reveal distinct differences in wave behaviour due to varying medium-induced modifications in plasma permittivity. Theoretical predictions are validated by comparison with existing experimental data, demonstrating good agreement and highlighting the significant role of diverse mediums in controlling wave propagation. This work provides insights into the design of plasma-based devices for electromagnetic filtering and shielding applications.