PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF LEAD-FREE (CH3NH3)3BI2I9- BASED PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELL: A SCAPS-1D SIMULATION STUDY

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have captured widespread recognition in the photovoltaic field because of their superior efficiency and affordable manufacturing. The toxicity of lead-based perovskites poses environmental concerns. In this context, the Pb-free perovskite methylammonium bismuth iodide (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 presents a viable alternative to the Pb-based halide cells, offering a harmless nature and exceptional durability. We have investigated the intrinsic impacts of (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 perovskite by employing SCAPS-1D. We optimised different variables, including thickness, Defect Density Nt, energy bandgap, Temperature, and carrier density for ETL and HTL, which affect a PSC’s performance. We also investigated the effect of diverse HTLs and ETLs on the device’s performance. The simulation results show an efficiency of 18.14 % with Voc of 1.67 V, Jsc of 12.72 mA/cm2 and FF of 85.16 %, for the configuration FTO/WS2/MA3Bi2I9/NiO/Pt, with a Thickness of 500 nm and Defect D. (Nt) of 10 14 cm-3 , at a Temperature of 300K. These findings suggest that (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9 material is a promising prospect for future sustainable solar energy technology.