DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER-BASED BIOSENSOR IN THE TERAHERTZ REGIME

Abstract

This work presents the design and simulation of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based sensor in terahertz regime for detection of cancer cells. One of the most popular applications of photonic crystal fibers is biosensing and the proposed sensor works on the principle of refractive index (RI) sensing. COMSOL Multiphysics, which is based on the Finite Element Method (FEM), is used to analyze different optical characteristics in order to assess the effectiveness of the proposed model. In this study, two analytes Basal (1.380) and Jurkat (1.390) which are responsible for skin cancer and blood cancer respectively, have been taken into consideration for sensing. Analytes are introduced into the core of the fiber one at a time. To assess optical qualities, the model is simulated in the THz regime (0.5 THz-1.5 THz). At an operating frequency 1.6 THz, the suggested structural design demonstrated a high relative sensitivity of 99.076% and 98.519% for Basal and Jurkat, respectively. With 1.7553×10-12 dB/m for Basal and 4.3484×10-12 dB/m, the confinement loss for the suggested model is likewise extremely low. Furthermore, for both the analytes, the effective material loss for the proposed PCF is likewise found to be extremely low. In addition, the PCF exhibits effective mode area within the specified range. The suggested PCF structure can be implemented practically with the help of current fabrication methods. Thus, the suggested PCF design ought to be beneficial in the field of biological sensing and can certainly be helpful in early detection of cancer cells.