VIRTUAL INERTIA CONTROL STRATEGY TO MITIGATE THE FREQUENCY EXCURSION WITH LARGE PENETRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY

Abstract

The introduction of renewable energy (RE) aids in lowering the inertia of the power system. When renewable energy (RE) sources take the place of conventional generators, the system's rotational mass decreases, which poses issues for the system's overall stability, especially at higher integration. For the future power grid, including a virtual inertia (inertial response) in renewable energy will be essential. The artificial inertia, primary, and secondary controllers' frequency response models are shown in state space. The dynamic and static performances of the artificial inertia response model are described, using small-signal (dynamic) and state-space analyses. Under two scenarios—significant solar and wind energy integration and random load demand with RES integration—the impacts of system inertia reduction are examined. To handle interruptions caused by the integration of highly dispersed generators (DG) and renewable energy sources (RES), the virtual inertia constant (KAI), which is necessary for simulating extra inertia output into the system, is maintained at the same value. Poor control value selection can result in instability, a long recovery time, and a larger frequency deviation for virtual inertia control. This research uses the fundamental proportional-integral (PI), which is widely used in industrial systems in real-world applications, to apply virtual inertia control to this issue. This yields the precise virtual inertia constant required to simulate actual inertia power and increase the system's frequency stability.