EVALUATION OF Capparis Decidua’s POTENTIAL AS AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR AD: A GENE ENRICHMENT AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDY

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a long-term neurodegenerative condition marked by memory loss and cognitive deterioration. The diagnosis of AD is further supported by the presence of recognisable lesions including neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), cerebral amyloid angiopathy, neuronal loss, and cholinergic insufficiency. As a result, therapeutic intervention may be possible by targeting critical proteins linked to the condition, such as the enzyme that cleaves amyloid precursor protein and cholinesterases like acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Despite continued research, there is still no cure for AD, hence it is necessary to investigate bioactive substances obtained from natural sources to improve existing therapy strategies. A medicinal plant from the Capparacea family called Capparis decidua has a wide variety of secondary metabolites, including terpenoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, and phytosterols. These substances have a number of advantageous qualities, such as antioxidant, anthelmintic, anti diabetic, and anti-inflammatory actions. This pilot study intends to investigate the potential of bioactive chemicals produced from Capparis decidua as possible options for treating AD in light of these qualities. To accomplish this, a preliminary in-silico analysis was carried out, particularly concentrating on the therapeutic efficacy of Capparis decidua in reducing AD. 55 phytochemicals from Capparis decidua were used in the investigation to determine their binding affinities to the target protein acetylcholinesterase. In order to shed light on the dysregulated genes linked to AD, gene enrichment analysis was also carried out, which improved our comprehension of the disease processes and possible treatment targets. The results of this study show potential for the creation of new AD treatment approaches. There may be a chance to slow the spread of the illness by using the therapeutic benefits of Capparis decidua and concentrating on AChE. However, in order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the discovered bioactive compounds, it is essential to confirm these in-silico results through further in vitro and in vivo research.[20] This pilot investigation concludes by highlighting the potential of bioactive substances obtained from Capparis decidua as prospective therapy options for AD. To clarify the underlying processes and progress the creation of efficient treatments for this crippling condition, more research, including gene enrichment analysis and experimental confirmation, is required.