A STUDY ON ADAPTATION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

Abstract

Electric vehicles have perturbed the roads of most western countries, but they still remain a far-fetched dream on Indian roads due to a variety of reasons. A viable marketplace for passenger vehicles powered by battery power is being driven by the rapid and significant improvements in energy storage technologies pertaining to batteries. Concerns over reliability of hydrocarbon supplies in addition to the anxiety around climate change are fuelling this move to electric vehicles. Consumer behaviour can be manipulated to not reflect their stated and normal objectives and be more emotional by the use of marketing. Inspite of the accelerating EV sales, more often than not, it is not clear if buying an electric-vehicle is advantageous from an environmental or economic point of view. Powering India’s electric mobility initiatives: Challenges Inspite of being one of the most rapidly growing economies in the world, India’s the growing dependence on oil imports to meet our energy needs, growing environmental concerns as well as an expanding need for sustainable transport solutions is resulting in severe economic and social problems. • A challenge to energy security - rising crude oil imports There has been a marked exponential increase in India’s crude oil imports from the early 2000s. This reached a record high value of 4.3 million barrels per day in the year 2016, the same year when India became the world’s third largest crude oil consumer. The growth during this time has been at a rate faster than that of other major net importers of the world, namely the United States (0.7%) and China (2.9%). 5 • A rise in pollution - the environmental challenge India alone accounts for 6% of worldwide carbon-dioxide emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels, and is the third largest emitter of carbon dioxide overall. In addition to this, India is home to 14 of the world’s 20 most polluted cities, according to the data from the WHO Global Air Pollution Database (2018). • Growing population – A challenge to sustainable-mobility India’s population is expected to grow to 1.5 billion by 2030, a rise from the present 1.2 billion population. From the 1.5 billion people, nearly 40% will reside in cities, which was only 34% in the 2018 population projection. The mere 6% rise in urban population will put extraordinary strain on the already struggling urban infrastructure, which will also be accompanied by a growing demand for solutions for sustainable transportation. • Evolution of the automotive market – The challenge of transitioning manufacturing The fourth biggest internal combustion vehicle manufacturer in the world is India. India's automobile market grew at the fastest rate in the world in 2017, rising at a rate of 9.5 percent. If the transition to sustainable mobility solutions is not planned well enough, or the manufacturing skills and infrastructure is not developed to stand up to this challenge, the recent changes in automotive technologies globally and a widespread adaptation of electric cars will most certainly pose a challenge to the current automotive sector.” 6 This report identifies potential answers to the issues that the growing electric transportation sector faces. The research covers a look at the technological, commercial, and regulatory elements of installing charging stations, as well as a look at best practises in established regions and a look at worldwide EVSE and testing standards. Studies at the city level were undertaken for Delhi to examine the impact of predicted EV adaptation in order to create grassroot solutions. The report includes a worldwide landscape overview as well as optimistic stories from the United States, Finland, Germany, Japan and China. The Indian market was next assessed, which included a look at the legislative and regulatory framework, a look at market actors' preparation for the adoption of electric vehicles, and a look at existing testing standards and EVSE. Techno-commercial analyses were done to evaluate the feasibility of setting up charging stations based on best methods discovered in worldwide research as well as findings from assessing the Indian market landscape. We also try to gauge the perception of the consumers and public regarding electric vehicles in the Indian context. Primary data will be collected through a questionnaire to be filled by people, which will contain questions regarding their personal choices and perceptions about the scenario of electric vehicles. Analysis of this data will be done to ascertain the reason why we don't see electric vehicles becoming mainstream and if the government can achieve its ambitious target of phasing out oil powered vehicles to integrate a majority of electric vehicles on the Indian roads in the near future Target Audience: Indian Population Questionnaire: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeYxPKsvPkpOmHbULCxm 76nSZCq4bIvmE3j76kDA-azeGIahQ/viewform?usp=sf_link