DESIGN OF FRACTAL ANTENNA FOR MULTIBAND APPLICATIONS IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION AND HEALTHCARE

Abstract

A fractal geometry-based technique has been incorporated to design a microstrip patch antenna and the simulated results are verified to be used in multiband operation for its application in wireless communication and healthcare domain. Initially, a Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) System having profile features like light weight and miniature design have been comprehended using a fractal antenna. Further, similar approach is carried out to achieve an antenna to be used in Wireless communication (namely- WIMAX, S-band, C band, and satellite communication) and in healthcare such as Non-invasive glucose level monitoring system. But as there goes a surge in compactness of the devices for it to be more convenient, there is a need for miniaturization of its components without compromising its performance, which is achieved by the use of a fractal antenna where an elementary geometry of rectangle is made into a patch and is iterated to the 3rd level of the iteration process. The obtained rectangular patch antenna is excited using a microstrip feed excitation technique and the antenna is subjected to operate in the frequency range of 1 to 5 GHz and correspondingly the designed fractal antenna should resonate in the ISM band range for the desired applications mentioned above. Evidently, the proposed antenna achieved resonance at four different frequencies of 1.9/2.4/3.2/4.6 GHz in the range of 2 to 8 GHz frequency, with their respective return loss values as -13.20/-22.5/-11.8 dB. The simulation and corresponding results of the outlined antenna is done using Ansoft HFSS simulator.