EFFECT OF RELATIVE DENSITY ON TORSIONAL STRENGTH OF STEEL PILE

Abstract

The structure component behaviour before and after failing is needed for ensuring the safe design of structures. The structure failure is mostly governed by the subsequent causes of failure. If a structure collapse, it can be due to the failure of pile member. Sand plays a significant role in building a structure as one of its fundamental ingredients. Density parameter is also one of the significant term in case of sand also. The Relative density helps in determination of cohesion less soil both in compacted as well as in natural state and also predict the properties of the pile embedded in the soil. The relative density concept is important as it have direct relationship with the properties of soil such as California bearing ratio, friction angle, compressibility, permeability and also have great impact on the properties and strength of pile. The above characteristics represents its arbitrary character. Practically, density express how far the sand under investigation is dense. In coarse grained soil, determination of density helps in the compaction and for sandy soil, it determines the safe bearing capacity. Here a new in-situ field method for the measurement of density of sand by field calibration is developed. For the determination of void ratio and relative density, iteration is required with the variable heights of free fall. The Conclusion drawn from the experiment was that the density of sand follows direct relationship with the height of fall, sand density increases with the increase in number of fall. Thus the approach of varying height of fall of sand is used to determine the density of sand. River sand has been used for the test. With the increase in height of fall void ratio decreases and thus density increases, it was found that the given sand attains a maximum density and minimum void ratio when poured from a height of 1.5m and also it was observed that torsional strength of the pile increases with the increase in the relative density of the soil in which it is embedded. Hence effect of density on the torsional strength of pile is studied.