AUTOMATIC GENERATION CONTROL OF INTERCONNECTED MULTI AREA POWER SYSTEM

Abstract

Currently, power system operation and control with AGC are undergoing fundamental changes due to rapidly increasing amount of renewable sources, energy storage system, restructuring and emerging of new types of power generation, consumption and power electronics technologies. Continuous growth in size and complexity, stochastically changing power demands, system modeling errors, alterations in electric power system structures and variations in the system parameters over the time has turned AGC task into a challenging one. Infrastructure of the intelligent power system should effectively support the provision of auxiliary services such as an AGC system from various sources through intelligent schemes. Literature survey shows that performance of AGC of interconnected power system with diverse sources gets improved by changing in controller structure, using intelligent optimization techniques for controller parameters, adding storage system and by considering different participation of diverse sources in multi area power systems. Hence, proposing and implementing new controller approaches using high performance heuristic optimization algorithms to real world problems are always welcomed. Performance of many controllers depends on proper selection of certain algorithms and specific control parameters. Hence, the goal of the present study is to propose different types of new supplementary controller to achieve better dynamic performances in multi-area with diverse source power systems, namely two area power system with and without non-linearity and three area power system with optimal and energy storage system. Based on the extensive literature review on the control designs of AGC of interconnected power system, it has been felt that new control techniques for design of AGC regulators for interconnected power system including

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renewable sources. The main objective of the proposed research work is to design new AGC regulators and develop simple, robust and easy to implement as compared with the available control techniques. The problem of nonlinearity in interconnected power system with diverse sources has also been addressed with suitable control algorithms. The presented work is divided into nine chapters. Chapter 1 deals with the introduction of AGC of power system. Widespread review of the taxonomy of optimization algorithms is presented in this chapter. Chapter 2 presents a critical review of AGC schemes in interconnected multi area power system with diverse sources. Chapter 3 stresses on the modelling of diverse sources power systems under consideration. The main simulation work starts from Chapter 4. In Chapter 4, the study is firstly

conducted to propose novel Jaya based AGC of two area interconnected thermal-hydro- gas power system with varying participation of sources.

In Chapter 5, novel Jaya based AI technique is further employed on realistic power system by considering non linearities like Governor Dead band (GDB), Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and Boiler dynamics. The study is done on Jaya based AGC of two area interconnected thermal-hydro-wind and thermal-hydro-diesel power system with and without nonlinearities by considering step load and random perturbation at different control areas. In Chapter 6, designing of Optimal AGC regulator for three different three-area interconnected multi source power systems has been planned. In each power system, optimal AGC regulators have been designed by using different structures of cost weighting matrices (Q an R).

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In Chapter 7, implementation of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage System (SMES) in operation and control of AGC of three-area multi source power systems has been studied. Analysis of PSO tuned Integral controller for AGC of three area interconnected multi source power systems with and without SMES by considering step load perturbation at different control areas has bee done. Comparative performance of different bio-inspired artificial technique has been presented on AGC of three area interconnected power system with SMES. Chapter 8, presents AGC of three area multi source interconnected power systems by including and excluding Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) at step load perturbation in different control areas. In Chapter 9 - the performance of different control techniques presented for AGC of multi area interconnected multi source power system has been summarized and the scope of further work in this area has been highlighted.