PHOTONIC CRYSTALS

Abstract

Structures which are periodic in their permittivity, and have their lattice constant lengths in the order of wavelength can show photonic bandgaps. Photonic bandgaps give information about the range of frequencies in which no modes pass through the periodic structure. In this work we explore the theory behind the occurrence of band gaps, the tools required to study photonic band gaps, the effect of geometries on bandgaps, as we examine various square lattices to examine their bandgaps, and we use one of the structures to create a photonic crystal waveguide by introducing defects.