SYNTHESIS AND CHRACTERIZATION OF ALTERNATIVE CATHODE MATERIAL, LIMN 2 O 4 FOR LITHIUMION BATTERIES BY SOLID STATE AND SOL- GEL ROUTE

Abstract

The key to success in the development of advanced Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) to meet the emerging EV market demands is the electrode materials, especially the cathode. The cathode costs nearly twice as much as the anode. This could be attributed to the fact that the working voltage, energy density, and rate capability of a LIB are mainly determined by the limited theoretical capacity and thermodynamics of the cathode material in the present LIB technology. LiMn 2 O 4 spinel is one of the most promising alternative cathode material for LIBs due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, good safety, higher electrochemical potential vs. graphite, and its improved thermal stability. In this work, synthesis of spinal LMO with the help of solid state and sol-gel routes has been carried out. Further the physio- chemical characterizations are performed such as SEM, EDS, XRD, Conductivity measurement, I-V characteristics of LMO, and Activation energy calculation for LMO prepared by both the routes to optimize the properties of LiMn 2 O 4 in terms of good cyclability, capacity and power density during the electrochemical analysis of batteries.The key to success in the development of advanced Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) to meet the emerging EV market demands is the electrode materials, especially the cathode. The cathode costs nearly twice as much as the anode. This could be attributed to the fact that the working voltage, energy density, and rate capability of a LIB are mainly determined by the limited theoretical capacity and thermodynamics of the cathode material in the present LIB technology. LiMn 2 O 4 spinel is one of the most promising alternative cathode material for LIBs due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, good safety, higher electrochemical potential vs. graphite, and its improved thermal stability. In this work, synthesis of spinal LMO with the help of solid state and sol-gel routes has been carried out. Further the physio- chemical characterizations are performed such as SEM, EDS, XRD, Conductivity measurement, I-V characteristics of LMO, and Activation energy calculation for LMO prepared by both the routes to optimize the properties of LiMn 2 O 4 in terms of good cyclability, capacity and power density during the electrochemical analysis of batteries.