PROXIMITY BASED LOW-ENERGY ADAPTIVE CLUSTERING HIERARCHY PROTOCOL FOR WSN

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are utilized for measuring various parameters such as pressure, temperature or humidity monitoring, in buildings to monitor smoke and fire, surveillance monitoring and also for environmental monitoring etc. These sensors are comprised of numerous small electronic devices known as sensors, which are operated on battery. The wireless sensors are deployed in the chosen region according to the area of interest so that it can continue sensing for a long duration. But to keep these sensors active for a desired duration, the network’s lifetime should be necessarily prolonged with less power consumption because unbalanced battery usage becomes a major challenge in WSNs. LEACH, focus on prolonging the stable region - the period before the death of the first node. During the lifetime of the network, nodes which are far from sink, start dying first. Somehow we delay there death, network lifespan and stability will increase. In our work, we come up with three solutions, first we create a circular boundary that fits within the sensor field and node outside the circular boundary cannot be a CH in their entire life, secondly we create a circle within the network. All the nodes are eligible to be a cluster head but there is a little difference in the working of cluster head which are outside the circle than those inside the circle and in third solution we are merging first and second solution and then comparing them with LEACH protocol. We found that our approach improves on LEACH by prolonging the stable region of the network.