LC LADDER BUTTERWORTH FILTER DESIGN USING VOLTAGE DIFFERENCING TRANSCONDUCTANCE AMPLIFIER

Abstract

This paper deals with the LC ladder Butterworth filter design using VDTA. As we know, there are many approaches to realize the LC ladder filter. We have adopted the element replacement method where the inductor in the LC ladder filter is replaced by the active element, i.e. VDTA as inductor cannot be realized physically due to its large size and other complexity associated with it. The non-ideal effect of VDTA is also taken into consideration. The LC ladder filter has an excellent feature of having low sensitivity to parameter variation and Butterworth filter has the maximally flat response in its pass-band so the attenuation or ripple is very less. So, these filters combine the advantages of both features. Here, I have realized low-pass, high-pass, band-pass and band-stop filters using VDTA. Its response curve is observed and transient response of output input has been checked to see the proper working of the filters designed. I also realized the inductor, floating and grounded both, and after checking its inductive equivalent characteristics, then I used it in the main filter design. The power consumption and THD% is also checked in simulation.