STATUS OF RURAL DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION STATUS IN DISTRICTS OF HARYANA: A CASE STUDY

Abstract

Water is essential for living and is used for drinking, irrigation and other purposes. Water is a compound of two chemicals and may occur in a liquid form or in a solid form or in a gaseous form. The presence of various contaminants found at the drinking water source in rural area of India is of major concern due to toxicity present in many life forms. Groundwater is the major water source for drinking purpose in India and this source is only 0.61% of the total available water on the Earth. It is found by report that only 4% of world’s freshwater resources are available in India while India consists 14% of total world’s population. This data shows scarcity for water in India. Article 47 of Indian Constitution includes the presence of providing the potable drinking water to the residents with the State Governments. The technology used for the water supply for rural sector and sanitation is always affected by the economical, geological characteristics of the concerned area. The first application of technology fpr water supply and sanitation will be to reduce the infectious diseases which is very harmful. Mostly the pathogens presence in water would be associated with the suspended particles. The sanitation system can be combined with the system of water supply. After the progressive development of services in supply of water and sanitation, the important issue is the sustainability of sanitation services and water supply services in order to encourage the interest to pay of communities. The rural water supply in India is generally based on the easily available water sources like wells and ponds. These sources of water have different water characteristics with respect to the contamination in the water. The surface sources of water may have high contamination as compare to the water sources from deep well. In general, there are no arrangements for the treatment of water in most of the village in Haryana state. Some villages situated near the Rajasthan border having more critical situation of availability of pure drinking water. It is also very difficult for the villagers to have the potable drinking water purifier to treat their water. ponds in the villages are being polluted continuously by the villager’s activity of washing clothes, bathing of animals and self etc. The same sources of water considered as to recharge of adjacent deep wells.