ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS USING MOBILE SINK STRATEGY

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) facilitates to observe and acquire environmental information by using sensor devices with wireless communication capability. WSNs are significantly expected to apply to various applications such as monitoring of temperature, humidity in agriculture, tracking of animals. Sensor nodes have limited resource of energy like batteries and nodes are usually remain stationary after deployment. After losing their energy, it will no longer provide sensing and data processing. This can lead to a huge loss in the network due to the routing path re-allocation and failure of sensing and reporting events in the environment. Hence, energy conservation has been receiving increased attention in WSN research works. In this dissertation, the main focus is on using mobile sinks, which move around a WSN to collect data from wireless sensor nodes. By using the concept of mobile sink or base station, energy of sensor nodes can be saved for improving lifetime of network and assure better connectivity of sensing data to sink nodes. In this dissertation, we proposed a framework which uses mobile sink concept with 4 sojourn locations path patterns in addition with one centralized static sink to improve the network lifetime by diverting the load of sensor nodes to nearby static or mobile sink. Furthermore, the performance of proposed framework is compared with hierarchical network protocols named as TEEN. Simulation results demonstrated that proposed framework of sink mobility is more energy efficient and improve the network lifetime as compared to TEEN.