DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH ENERGY MOLECULES

Abstract

Energetic materials or high energy molecules are the substances that burn, combust rapidly or explode under certain conditions. They are a class of material with high amount of stored chemical energy that can be released. These materials are used extensively for civil as well as military applications. This thesis deals with synthesis of potential high energy molecules. Chapter 1 deals with the synthesis and studies of mono- and bis-furazanopiperazine as potential high energetic molecules. The furazan ring has been established as a useful moiety for the design of potential high density, high energy materials mainly consists of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen atoms. The synthesized compounds were characterized with the help of spectroscopic techniques like FT-Infra-red (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were studied with respect to thermal stability and oxygen balance. Chapter 2 describes the green synthesis of high energetic molecule triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB). There is currently considerable interest in applying the principles of green chemistry and sustainability to industrial organic synthesis, particularly in the fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals industries. The synthesis of high energy molecules involves corrosive acids like sulphuric acid and nitric acid as nitrating agents for the synthesis of polynitro compounds. This chapter describes an efficient nitration method and environmental friendly synthesis of a widely used high energy molecule TATB. Chapter 3 deals with the synthesis and characterization of energetic ionic liquids. A series of ionic liquids based on 4-amino-[1,2,4]-triazole moieties have been prepared. The synthesized compounds were characterized by usual spectroscopic techniques and were studied with respect to thermal stability and oxygen balance. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis of β-aminocarbonyl compounds as potential high energetic molecules. Multi component reactions allow the creation of several bonds in a single process and have emerged as powerful synthetic tool for the formation of range of molecules of diverse and complex nature. In this chapter we have synthesized a library of β-amino carbonyl compounds by the one pot reaction of benzldehyde, aromatic amines and acetophenone. The compounds have been characterized by usual spectroscopic techniques and have been studied with respect to thermal stability and oxygen balance.