DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER TREATMENT FOR AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Abstract

Millions of gallons of domestic and industrial wastewater are discharged every day from various sources including sink, kitchens, and toilets. This wastewater is highly contaminated with pathogens that are detrimental to human health and therefore its proper management and treatment is necessary for human health safety point of view. Traditionally wastewater in many areas has been managed by large Centralized treatment facilities in urban areas and septic tank in rural areas. Today there is an array of innovative and advanced Decentralized wastewater treatment system that collect and treat domestic and institutional wastewater onsite. These systems sometimes offer benefits over conventional treatment because they reduce the need for energy and large infrastructure, providing recycled water for onsite usage and can expand to meet increasing demand. Decentralized wastewater treatment is an approach used for the treatment of wastewater just after its discharge on the existing site and thus it is also referred to as onsite treatment unit. The aim of the decentralized treatment unit is to strictly treat the wastewater before it is discharged into the environment to reduce the burden on public sewers and treatment units. Effluent coming from industrial and commercial facilities with no access to sustainable wastewater treatment systems may contribute to pollution or deterioration in quality of the receiving bodies of water. Commercial facilities, particularly public markets, discharge high strength wastewater which causes these water bodies to be in the state of eutrophication. In order to reduce its strength, building a suitable and effective wastewater treatment facility is done. These treatment systems constitute a lot to pollution reduction as well as mitigation measures for effluents coming from the market. A treated wastewater can be discharged directly into a water body without causing harm to aquatic life and in the quality of water. It may also be for human recreation, e.g., bathing, cleaning, and drinking depending on how advanced a treatment is. Designing a treatment facility that could convert a wastewater back to its usable form will be of compliance to building an innovative approach and to the promotion of sustainable development. One of the advance vi processes in treating wastewater that has the ability to convert wastewater to its usable form is called Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Facility. The main purpose of this study is to design an MBR facility for an educational institute of Delhi Technological University in order to control and reduce the pollution burden on existing river. It also aims to discharge an effluent complying with the national standards for wastewater. Engineering design considered in this study are: Wastewater Engineering, Environmental Pollution, specifications of membrane bioreactor and its design. The study also highlights the usefulness of membrane bioreactor and the superior quality of the MBR effluent over the conventionally treated effluents.