URBAN AIR QUALITY AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH: A CASE STUDY OF PUNE CITY

Abstract

There has been tremendous Development in Indian cities in last few years Along with that there is downside of development is that more pollutants are been dissipated which causes harm to Air, Water and Land .A Sustainable development the increased number of vehicles , industries have led to enormous amount of pollution load on the Environment. Mapping of Air Quality concentration on GIS platform distinguishing amongst cleaner areas and polluted areas in the city-wide basis is discussed. Spatial Interpolation tool is applied for air pollutant concentration in Pune so quantification of pollutants is been done. Monthly average concentration of different pollutants is displayed and weekdays-weekend concentrations are been displayed on GIS-Map of Pune city. Air Pollutants adversely affects the human heath especially people suffering from respiratory illnesses know precisely this impact on Human Health. Spirometry is performed for the subjects both Asthmatics and Non-Asthmatics and their follow-up is taken for 3 months. A Standard Deviation is for the months of February, March and April is obtained and is compared to Ideal Lung Function for their Weight, Height and Sex. By obtaining the correlation coefficients we infer on that the Particulate Matter concentration affects the lung function results at greatest level. We infer that the Air Quality affect the lung function parameters of Asthmatics more than the Non-Asthmatics. The results of the tests are strong positive correlation between air pollutants of that area for that 3 months and lung functioning of the patients peculiarly for Asthmatics it has correlation is more pronounced with the higher correlation coefficient of FVC are 0.97, 0.90 and 0.89 with respect to PM2.5, NOx and Ozone whereas FVC for Asthmatics is 0.55, 0.34 and 0.42. Aspect of Air Quality is serious and drastic measures taken shall be taken to keep Air Quality under control for the general public health is discussed in this thesis. Atmospheric pollutant levels in an urban street due to high vehicular traffic coupled with urban heat island phenomenon. A study of vehicle exhaust dispersion within different street canyons models in an urban ventilated by cross-wind is conducted at this work to investigate how air pollutant dispersion is exaggerated by wind speed, building height to width ratios, street and building geometries and canyon street number. The most suited Model to given amount of data is Box Model which is used in typical Urban Street in Pune and the levels of concentrations due to contribution of vehicular traffic are found out to be peculiarly high. These models when used in a knowledgeable way we understand the principles that govern the dispersion and transformation of atmospheric pollutants.