ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY OF AN INDUSTRIAL AREA USING MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY OF GHAZIABAD, U.P

Abstract

In this study attempts are made to evaluate the water quality of an industrial city in India and confirm the adverse effects of this industrial cluster on groundwater. In India, the city Ghaziabad is a region of northern Indo-Genetic alluvium plain. Ghaziabad city is suffering from increasing industrial activities, which make the groundwater polluted and develop extreme pressure on groundwater resources of the city. To perceive the problem occurring from expansion of industrialization and increasing population and set some remedies may ensure the deep-rooted and lifelong sustainability of groundwater resources. Water quality determination is an important criterion to check the suitability of water for drinking and irrigation purpose. Physiochemical characteristics has been analysed of Sahibabad Site IV area and nearby areas in Ghaziabad. Groundwater samples from various locations have been collected and investigate to access the status of water quality in study area and its potability. Results are compared with drinking water standards; IS: 10500 along with discussion. Further it was found that some of the parameters are exceeding the standard limit of drinking water and some are not. Physiochemical parameters of groundwater studied which is used to determine correlation & regression analysis, water quality index, temporal variation and Collin’s ratio for assessing the drinking water quality of groundwater. Statistical analysis has been also considered to check the groundwater suitability and availability for irrigation purpose. In the present study, AQUA software also applied to the groundwater data and constructs the useful graphs for analyzing the hydrochemistry of water. The analysis shows high concentration of various parameters in study area viz. Salinity, EC, TDS, Chloride and Hardness with their cations and anions were showing harmful concentrations for drinking purpose as they overshoot the standard desirable limit for drinking purposes. TDS, EC and salinity are highly correlated and continuously increasing in the past years of studies. The critical concentrations of these parameters may adversely affect the human lives and deteriorate the quality of life.