LQR BASED DESIGN OF AGC FOR MULTI AREA SYSTEM

Abstract

Control of iactive power and reactive ipower is required to keep theisystem in the steady state. Asithe system load changes continuously, ithe generation is adjusted automatically to irestore the frequency to ithe nominal value. This scheme is known as theiautomatic generation control (iAGC). To generate and ideliver power in an interconnected isystem as economically and reliably asipossible while maintaining the voltageiand frequency within permissible limits, iseveral control strategies have been iniuse. One of the most controllers available icommercially is the proportional integral derivative (PID) icontroller. The PID controller is used toiimprove the dynamic response as iwell as to reduce or eliminateithe steady-state error. In this thesis modernicontrol designs are employed that requireithe use ofistate variables to form a linearicontroller. One approach inimodern control systems iaccomplished by the use of state ifeedback also known as pole placement design. Theipole placement design allows alliroots of the system characteristic equationi to be placed in desired locations. The iother approach to the design of regulator isystems is the optimal control problem, iwhere a specified mathematical performance icriterion is minimized. Anioptimal controller for linear systems with quadraticiperformance index, the so called lineariquadratic regulator (LQR) has been designed ifor the AGC for two area and three iarea system and LQR isialso designed for theitwo area system in deregulated ienvironment. Multiple case studies arei used to illustrate the effectiveness iof the proposed load frequency icontrol strategy.