ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTER BASED ADAPTIVE THRESHOLD SENSITIVE PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Abstract

The Wireless Sensor Network consists of a large number of limited battery powered sensor nodes. These networks have wide range of applications related to areas like weather monitoring, forest monitoring, security and target monitoring, etc. The limited powered battery affects the network‟s lifetime. Various protocols have been developed to increase the network‟s lifetime. In this dissertation, we developed EECHR protocol, a clustering protocol for reactive network with threshold sensitive homogeneous sensor nodes. It includes an energy efficient cluster head selection and cluster formation techniques. It also includes an adaptive feature to make the BS aware of the status of nodes in the network which remains idle for long time. It also provides preference to the nodes sensing critical information to directly send their information to the BS. The nodes sensing critical information are released from the burden of becoming CH and they don‟t take part in CH selection. Our proposed protocol performs better than the other conventional protocol like LEACH, E-LEACH, I-LEACH. We also develop a multi hop routing protocol ATEEM for the homogeneous reactive network. It provides an energy efficient data transfer mechanism which is used by the critical nodes to transfer data to BS, by CHs to transmit data to BS and also by Non- CH node to transmit data to CH node. It includes an energy efficient cluster formation mechanism. We have also developed a mechanism to find the critical region in the given network area on the basis of information stored in the BS. It performed better than the EECHR protocol and TEEN protocol.